Full Review Erica Meltzers Complete Guide to ACT Reading

Full Review Erica Meltzer's Complete Guide to ACT Reading SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Erica Meltzer’s test prep books have blasted onto the test prep scene (if that wasn't a thing previously, it is presently) over the most recent couple of years, to incredible recognition. She's distributed 2 books on the ACT: The Complete Guide to ACT English and The Complete Guide to ACT Reading (which is the thing that I will survey in this article). While Meltzer's books are top notch, they are not without their blemishes, so read on to make sense of whether this book is fitting for you and on the off chance that you ought to incorporate it into your own ACT test prep. All will be clarified! Why Trust This Review? At the point when you get counsel (both all in all and explicitly on the Internet), it’s critical to know why that guidance is dependable/acceptable. I would prefer not to sound doomsayer, however your ACT score is quite significant, and following an inappropriate guidance may prompt a terrible score and loss of opportunity to improve it. So for what reason would you be able to confide in this survey (over different audits?). Indeed, for a certain something, I hear what I'm saying. While haven’t taken the ACT (yet), I scored two ideal scores on the perusing area of the (2005-present) SAT, and have been doing inside and out investigation of the ACT inquiries by range of abilities and composing articles on every expertise. Different scholars who haven't done such an investigation don’t fundamentally have the skill to have the option to separate between books, so they wind up suggesting books as sort of an idea in retrospect (and it’s truly self-evident). Rather than different locales (like about.com and reviews.com), who get cash on the off chance that you click on their connections to buy the books they audit, I'm not getting paid for this survey, and don’t get anything in the event that you wind up purchasing the book. Disclaimers Disclaimer the primary: I work at PrepScholar, instruction organization that produces online SAT and ACT prep programs. PrepScholar analyze your qualities and shortcomings and alters a test prep program to suit your necessities. I myself for the most part compose and alter articles for the related blog and grade the papers of understudies taking practice tests through the program. While I imagine that PrepScholar gives the best prep stage right now accessible, you don’t fundamentally need a prep program to pro the ACT. Which implies that composing this guide may really lost us a few clients, since you may choose you don’t need a program all things considered. On the off chance that you choose you don’t need to need to manage 5 unique books and need an incorporated program that is modified to your learning, be that as it may, PrepScholar may be the ideal thing for you. In any case, I diverge. Disclaimer the second: While I didn't go to school simultaneously as the writer of this book, genuineness propels me to concede that we attended a similar undergrad foundation. I don’t think this especially affected my survey, yet I needed to be straightforward about it.  ©2009 Laura Staffaroni You must concede that is some grounds, however. The Complete Guide to ACT Reading: Book Review When contemplating and assessing any (test prep) book, I think about the accompanying three focuses: Who’s the creator and what’s her experience/foundation? How compelling is this book by and large? What are the geniuses and what are the cons of this book? About the creator: Erica Meltzer Erica Meltzer began as a coach, yet has been distributing SAT and ACT prep books throughout the previous hardly any years. She moved on from Wellesley College, which is a profoundly lofty school positioned #4 of all the aesthetic sciences universities in the nation (as of the hour of this article’s distribution †there’re consistently vacillations). Despite the fact that Meltzer's attention has been on composing, as opposed to coaching, for as far back as not many years, her books show a decent arrangement of knowledge into the SAT and ACT. Likewise, she and her organization additionally offer coach instructional meetings for test prep mentoring. How successful is this book? From my own understanding, I realize that ACT Reading is the most troublesome score to improve. The abilities you have to ace it (intelligent/basic thinking aptitudes) are not as handily educated as the substance on the Writing and Math areas. This implies it’s imperative to concentrate in on various inquiry types and the aptitudes required so you can move toward the inquiries in a deliberate manner. Luckily, this is the methodology Meltzer takes in The Complete Guide to ACT Reading. This book instructs how to get at the center of what each inquiry is posing and how to press the correct answer out of the section. In case you're focusing on a 36, this is extraordinary for thorough penetrating. In the event that you’re focusing on a 25 or underneath, notwithstanding, this book is most likely excessively exhaustive. In opposition to mainstream thinking, it’s not in every case great to concentrate from the hardest material. Why? For this situation, in light of the fact that Meltzer centers around procedures that are the most valuable for high scorers, she doesn't cover methodologies that would be progressively useful for low or midrange scorers (think about, for example, our articles on the best way to get a 36 on ACT Reading and how to improve a low ACT Reading score). Upsides and downsides of The Complete Guide to ACT Reading Masters Great breakdown of most ability types. Meltzer has an away from of inquiries by significant ability type †large picture, detail, induction, tone questions. This makes it simple to dunk all through the book †if there’s one specific sort of inquiry you have issues with, you can concentrate on that and disregard different segments reasonably without any problem. Practical entries and questions. The inquiries in the book are of high caliber, just like the (authorized) extracts the entry based inquiries pose about. Some affirmation of various aptitude levels. Meltzer talks about the procedure of dropping a whole area if you’re a moderate peruser and have issues with appreciation, and furthermore depicts playing â€Å"positive/negative† with tone inquiries as a way to limit. Recommended understanding rundown (to get ready for ACT sections). These proposals are valuable for Reading aptitude practice as well as for sources to use for your Writing article (on the off chance that you do the paper). Additionally, I've perused Inside of a Dog and truly appreciated it, so a portion of the books may be intriguing just as instructive! Incorporates two full-length perusing areas toward the conclusion to rehearse with. Gives valuable skimming techniques and tips for how to move toward the section. Cons Costly for the measure of material you’re getting. The book is 120 pages, yet the last 32 pages are all work on understanding inquiries, and numerous pages are full reprints of test understanding sections, which implies the genuine instructing substance of the book is on the shorter side. Dry composing style. There are no photos and there's very little format assortment (there's a ton of text), so it may be hard to get into. Essentially, it’s nitty gritty, which works for me (I don’t truly need to consume hours of my time on earth finding out about ACT†¦Reading), however it may be hard for certain understudies to traverse. No genuine conversation of which questions may be simpler/progressively hard to reply. Meltzer portrays some inquiry types as the â€Å"most challenging,† which helps fairly, however she doesn't give clear â€Å"this is the issue you should attempt to answer first if you’re stressed over focuses on Reading† rules, which I think would be useful. Doesn't cover combined entries. It has gotten standard on each ACT Reading segment for there to be at any rate one point region (frequently Humanities) with two entries; the ten inquiries are isolated between the sections, with 3 inquiries that pose about the two sections. To be reasonable, there are scarcely any materials out there that spread this, including the ACT’s own site, however that doesn't imply that they ought to be kept separate from a prep book. In general Rating To the extent I have had the option to decide, this is the best book as of now out there for ACT Reading prep. In the event that you’re anticipating scoring a 31 or above on ACT Reading and want to examine by means of book, at that point this is the correct decision for you. It’s ludicrously costly for the measure of substance it contains, and it might be excessively careful for certain understudies, yet it’s an extraordinary decision that can show you a great deal. By and large appraising: 75/100 FACEBOOK LIKE by Owen W Brown, utilized under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from unique. Elective Options for ACT Reading Prep I would be delinquent on the off chance that I didn't bring up that we give some incredible free choices out there for ACT Reading prep on our blog. Notwithstanding broad technique articles, we likewise stall Reading inquiries by aptitude type with centered proposals for vocab in setting, enormous picture, little picture, capacity and improvement, derivation, and combined entry questions. What’s Next? Peruse our nitty gritty manual for the Best ACT prep books of 2015 and our rundown of the best ACT Prep Websites you can use to assemble your own special examination program. What’s a decent ACT score for you? Make sense of it with our bit by bit direct based around the universities you’re applying to. Focusing on a high score? Peruse our manual for scoring an ideal 36 on the ACT generally speaking and on the ACT Reading segment, composed by our occupant impeccable scorer (and PrepScholar fellow benefactor) Allen Cheng. Additionally, don’t neglect to look at our head of-the-example worth following prep program! Need to improve your ACT score by 4+ focuses? Download our free manual for the main 5 techniques you need in your prep to improve your ACT score significantly.

Reference to a Proposed Production of a play All My Sons :: All My Sons Plays Drama Theatre Essays

Reference to a Proposed Production of a play All My Sons Dear Mr Smith, I am keeping in touch with you regarding your proposed creation of my play 'Every one of My Sons'. I, as most creators, have principles and desires for creations of my composition, which is the reason I have chosen to keep in touch with you and educate you regarding a few rules that may help you in the creation of 'Every one of My Sons'. In the 1920's after the First World War, numerous nations were bankrupt as a result of the measure of cash they had put into the war. The USA acted the hero by advancing them immense measures of cash to pay off obligations. In 1929, share costs fell thus the USA got back to for the credits that they had loaned however the nations were still owing debtors. Numerous Americans attempted to remove their cash from the banks however the banks hadn't any cash to provide for clients. This added to the Great Wretchedness, which made a huge increment in joblessness. One of the individuals who became jobless was my dad, a coat maker. This was the underlying motivation of composing 'Every one of My Sons'. Another explanation that enlivened me to compose 'Every one of My Sons', was the way that occasions during the Second World War were making Americans live and treat each other in an unexpected way. I encountered the influx of enthusiasm and I additionally perceived how individual Americans were abusing the war and making benefit from other's torment. By composing this play, I felt that residents of the world would at long last have the option to see a picture of the genuine American Middle Class character, mirroring their personal circumstance. In 'Every one of My Sons', Keller discusses little men while depicting Steve Deever. This is amusing on the grounds that Keller himself is a little man. Little men are individuals that consistently contend with one another so that they would be superior to the following individual, they don't generally think about what they are doing as long as they are fruitful. When something awful occurs, the little men don't have the boldness to claim up to the large men. Little men are an issue in the present society, as they couldn't care less to have obligation over their activities in any event, when the issues could be sifted through basically (Keller could have told Steve not to give the parts to the military and afterward demise wouldn't be the result. The crowd would now be able to see Keller in two distinct manners. To certain individuals Keller may appear to be narrow minded and unreliable and too others Keller might be adoring and dedicated. Keller's different sides are all to the detriment of others and cause their enduring, for example, Steve and the pilot.

Phases of Opration Research free essay sample

Or then again models are essentially numerical models speaking to frameworks, procedure or condition in type of conditions, connections or formulae. The exercises in this progression is to characterizing interrelationships among factors, detailing conditions, utilizing known OR models or looking through appropriate substitute models. The proposed model might be field tried and altered so as to work under expressed natural imperatives. A model may likewise be altered if the administration isn't happy with the appropriate response that it gives. Step IV.Selection of Data Input It is a built up actuality that without real and proper information the aftereffects of the OR models can't be trusted. Subsequently, taping right sort of information is an imperative advance In OR process. Significant exercises in this progression are examining inward outside information and realities, gathering assessments and utilizing PC information banks. The reason for this progression Is to have adequate contribution to work and test the model. Step V. Arrangement and Testing In this progression the arrangement of the issues Is acquired with the assistance of model and information Input. We will compose a custom exposition test on Periods of Opration Research or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Such an answer isn't actualized Immediately and this arrangement Is utilized to test the model and to discover Its Limitations If any. On the off chance that the arrangement Is not sensible or If the model Is not carrying on appropriately, refreshing and alteration of the model Is considered at this stage. The final product of this progression Is arrangement that Is attractive and underpins current authoritative goals. Step VI. Execution of the Solution This Is the last period of the OR study.In OR the dynamic Is choosing however usage of choice includes numerous conduct issues. In this manner, laborers and chiefs to evade further clashes. The hole among the executives or potentially researcher may offer some opposition yet should be wiped out before arrangement is acknowledged in totality. Both the gatherings should assume positive job, since the execution will help the association overall. An appropriately actualized arrangement got through OR strategies brings about improved working conditions and wins the executives support.

Please answer the 5 uploaded questions about Marketing thoroughly Research Paper

It would be ideal if you answer the 5 transferred inquiries concerning Marketing altogether - Research Paper Example In the event that the three gatherings are engaged with the undertaking, at that point it is called for summed up trades. The mind boggling trade includes between systems of individuals. The producer, TV station, Radio station are associated with the perplexing trades. Key plans are fit as a fiddle and sizes. There are some beneath referenced parts which portrays intricately. Vital arrangement is the course of action of the association just as the board. The key arrangement is the key variables for new business strategy. A vital arrangement incorporates following parts. The business cycle breaks down the development and decay circumstance in the economy. This cycle shows the development and decay and immersion period. This cycle is expected to recognize the development and log jam period. Constriction: At the hindering circumstance in the market, this circumstance emerges, fundamentally in the bear advertise. At the bear showcase circumstance client are not prepared to put away cash to the business as they are chance disinclined. This is the interest and gracefully circumstance of the market. As request expands the work will increment and employment rate is additionally expanded. Request of the buyer item will increment as the market request increments. Social obligation implies creating business with positive duty. It is likewise measure the general execution of the association. Each association has some social duty. They encourage the regressive network individuals for additional examination and accomplish some beneficent work for the cultural turn of events. A portion of the company’s principle factor is to put away cash to the next association as social duty (Pride and Ferrell, 2012). The social and business associations are both profited by the social duty. The association has moral obligation to serve society for government assistance commitment. There some key elements are to recognize the presentation of the social work contribution of the association. The individuals landing position, pay

Person Health and Well Being

Question: Examine the enthusiastic, mental, and conduct reactions that Mary is probably going to understanding about her conclusion. Answer: Presentation At present, bosom malignant growth is among the universes most lethal maladies all the more so when it isn't analyzed in the beginning periods. Inside the most recent decade, it has asserted a few lives. Bosom malignancy influences the bosom tissues, and if not treated early, the sickness murders. For the most part, it influences senior ladies yet on exactly scarcely any events, young ladies might be influenced by the condition (Holick et al. 2008). Mary who is hitched to a trooper is determined to have bosom malignant growth. Like some other individual, being determined to have such dangerous malady, she will undoubtedly encounter passionate, psychological and conduct reactions. Be that as it may, it is essential to comprehend the hazard factors for bosom malignant growth and the preventive components. Hazard Factors for Breast Cancer There are some inclining factors for bosom malignancy. Among them will be them is simply being ladies. Bosom malignancy influences just ladies, and therefore any lady is in danger of being influenced by the illness (Yang et al. 2011). Another significant hazard factor is age. As the age builds, the danger of bosom malignant growth subsequently increments. Family ancestry is additionally another hazard factor. Ladies with family members previously determined to have malignant growth are at a higher danger of bosom disease. Hereditary qualities additionally goes about as a hazard factor. It is thought to contribute somewhere in the range of 5% and 10% of the bosom malignancy cases. Other hazard factors incorporate weight, absence of routine activities, introduction to radiations, eating undesirable nourishments and presentation to synthetic concoctions in beautifying agents. Preventive Factors for Breast Cancer A few variables can help in forestalling the danger of bosom malignancy. One of them is keeping away from introduction to radiations and concoction substances that may cause disease. Childbearing likewise is believed to be the most grounded preventive measures against bosom disease. The higher the quantity of youngsters a lady bears, the higher the counteraction of the ailment she manufactures (Lappe et al. 2007). Thus, childbearing and breastfeeding help in decreasing the advancement of bosom malignant growth. Ladies who breastfeed their children for over a year forestall the event of bosom malignancy by an incredible degree. Lappe et al. (2007) contend that Vitamin D and calcium supplements diminish dangers of bosom malignant growth. Additionally, practice assumes a key job in forestalling the improvement of disease. Ladies who practice routinely are least influenced by bosom malignant growth. After the analysis and the way that Mary is distant from everyone else at home, she will react to the terrible news. Her reaction will both influence her feelings, intellectual state and conduct. Along these lines, this paper targets talking about her reactions under the three primary topics. Emotionally supportive network once in a while helps a patient reacts to bosom malignancy determination. On the off chance that she has legitimate help from her nearby family members like their spouses, the passionate response probably won't be extreme. For the instance of Mary, she is separated from everyone else with her two twins. Clearly, she got the pitiful news with stun and doubt. Having as a top priority that her twins are as yet youthful, the circumstance is troubling for her. She is may her had a feeling that her life has reached a normal conclusion. Indeed, even before she gets the outcomes from the pathologist, sitting tight for the obscure biopsy results raises tension (Ferlay et al. 2010). At that point come the declaration of the outcomes. This is the period brimming with trouble stirred up with uneasiness, stun, outrage and even on occasion discouragement. Before Mary acclimates to the truth that in reality she is determined to have bosom malignancy, she lives in a co ndition of tenacious misery. What follows is diminished enthusiasm for a few things that in typical event used to entrances her. For example, if staring at the TV programs has been her preferred she will select to remain away. Unhappiness will persevere all over. Pain will proceed to influencing her way of life. Rest will turn into an incredible issue for her. She will begin encountering a condition of determined sleep deprivation (Page et al. 2008). Enthusiastic responses are typically undesirable and may add to other medical issues. Mary may begin to squander away so quick because of constant pressure, which prompts absence of rest and absence of craving. Feelings are extremely hurtful. They bring about peevishness and anxiety. Despite the fact that she will grapple with the condition, later on, she would have endured a ton through passionate torments. Mary additionally depicts some subjective reaction to the analysis. Psychological reactions to the outcomes are clear in the manner her psychological state works. Such news will in general influence how an individual thinks, process data, and hold data. She begins acting abnormally. Malignancy is generally connected with Post Traumatic scatters (PTSD) and Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms (Mehnert, Koch, 2007). At the point when pain, wretchedness and tension expands, it brings about perilous injury. Such injury will in general meddle with the working of the mind. It results from the way that individuals determined to have such sickness including Mary think just as their life is finishing. Losing life in such a state brings outrageous dread and uneasiness (Cardenal et al. 2008). In contrast to some other sickness, malignant growth patients encounters coerce, the sentiment of loss of control overpowers them, disarrays and bitterness fills their life for the most part when the disease get s interminable. Mary like some other disease tolerant will undoubtedly encounter comparative impacts. In this way as a malignant growth tolerant encountering PTSD, Mary will endure a ton of psychological issues. She will have a major test in concentrating, mental confusion, loss of memory, the issue in comprehension and trouble in thinking and making a judgment. Aside from passionate reactions and intellectual reaction that Mary endures after the analysis, she will undoubtedly depict some conduct changes. Her conduct will abruptly get eccentric. One of the most clear conduct reactions is the emotional episodes (Watson, Kissane 2011). Her states of mind will change whenever. At one second she is cheerful and the following she is pitiful and tragic. About emotional episodes, Mary may likewise experience the ill effects of serious indignation that much of the time make her cry wildly. Considering bosom disease as one of the life ending sickness, cause such displeasure inciting her to sob abundantly. In most noticeably terrible situations, Mary may begin acting silly. It is improved by the sentiment of realizing that her life is at serious risk and she starts to act in a caring less way. Notwithstanding that, she may likewise depict hostile to social conduct (Bower, 2008). She will scarcely connect with others and invest the vast majority of the energy in her own. In this manner, bosom disease determination seriously influences Marys conduct prompting extraordinary changes in her character. She turns out to be less acquainted and gets impartial in a few things. In this manner, after the conclusion, Mary encounters a few impacts throughout her life. She in this manner reacts to them in three different ways. One sort of reaction is noticeable in her feelings. This happens quickly she gets the outcomes. She feels stunned, discouraged, restless and frightful. What's more, Mary endures subjective issues, and she begins having issues with her memory like trouble in concentrating, thinking and making decisions (Testa et al. 2013). Finally, her conduct is influenced. She starts encountering emotional episodes, being against social and having silly practices. References Lappe, J. M., Travers-Gustafson, D., Davies, K. M., Recker, R. R., Heaney, R. P. (2007). Nutrient D and calcium supplementation lessen malignant growth chance: aftereffects of a randomized preliminary. The American diary of clinical nourishment, 85(6), 1586-1591. Yang, X. R., Chang-Claude, J., Goode, E. L., Couch, F. J., Nevanlinna, H., Milne, R. L., ... Fasching, P. A. (2011). Relationship of bosom malignant growth hazard factors with tumor subtypes: a pooled examination from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium considers. Diary of the National Cancer Institute, 103(3), 250-263. Holick, N., Newcomb, A., Trentham-Dietz, An., Ernstoff, L., Bersch, A. J., Stampfer, M. J., ... Willett, W. C. (2008). Physical action and endurance after determination of intrusive bosom disease. Malignancy Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers, 17(2), 379-386. Ferlay, J., Hry, C., Autier, P., Sankaranarayanan, R. (2010). Worldwide weight of bosom disease. In Breast Cancer the study of disease transmission (pp. 1-19). Springer New York. Page, A. E., Adler, N. E. (Eds.). (2008). Disease care for the whole patient: meeting psychosocial wellbeing needs. National Academies Press. Mehnert, A., Koch, U. (2007). Predominance of intense and post?traumatic stress issue and comorbid mental scatters in bosom malignancy patients during essential disease care: an imminent report. Psycho?Oncology, 16(3), 181-188. Cardenal, V., Ortiz-Tallo, M., Fras, I. M., Lozano, J. M. (2008). Life stressors, enthusiastic shirking and bosom malignant growth. The Spanish diary of brain research, 11(02), 522-530. Watson, M., Kissane, D. W. (Eds.). (2011). Handbook of psychotherapy in malignant growth care. John Wiley Sons. Testa, A., Giannuzzi, R., Daini, S., Bernardini, L., Petrongolo, L., Gentiloni Silveri, N. (2013). Mental crises (part III): mental manifestations coming about because of natural illnesses. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol , 17(Suppl 1), 86-99. Nook, J. E. (2008). Social side effects in patients with bosom malignancy and survivors. Diary of Clinical Oncology, 26(5), 768-777.

Washington, D.C. Career Conference COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Washington, D.C. Career Conference COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The following is an interview with Kirsten Bokenkamp, Head Organizer of SIPA’s Office of Career Services Washington D.C. Career Conference which takes place each January. What is the Washington D.C. Career Conference? The Washington D.C. Career Conference has taken place annually for the last 33 years.   As SIPA is located in New York, the Conference allows students to learn more about job and internship opportunities in the Washington D.C. area.   The Conference also allows students to get to know alumni and potential employers in the D.C. area. Which employers participated in last years conference? There was a wide range of employers represented at the Conference.   This past years employers included: AECOM International Development, Americans for the Arts, Ashoka, Bearing Point, Booz Allen Hamilton, Brookings Institution, Brookings Institution, Business Civic Leadership Center, Carbon Finance Unit, World Bank, Catholic Relief Services, Center for Naval Analysis, Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, CGAP, Chemonics International, Chevron, DAI, Deloitte Consulting LLP, ENOUGH Project, Export-Import Bank, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Garten Rothkopf, Institute for Defense Analyses, International Civil Society Action Network, National Democratic Institute, National Democratic Institute, National Geographic Magazine, NPR, Office of Congressman Steve Israel, Office of Management and Budget, Peterson Institute for International Economics, QED Group, RAND Corporation, Refugee Protection Program, Human Rights First, Refugees International, Roll Call, Search for Common Groun d, Sentinel HS Group, LLC, Society for International Development, The Advocacy Project, The Cohen Group, The Stella Group, U.S. Agency for International Development, U.S. Chamber of Commerce, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Government Accountability Office, U.S. State Department, US Green Building Council, William James Foundation, World Bank, World Resources Institute How does the Conference work?   What is the process that the students go through? Interested students must register for the Conference in advance.   At the time of registration, students pay the fee (this year it was $60), and sign up for the panels they would like to attend.   The Conference takes place during winter break, on the Thursday and Friday before classes start.   On Thursday, there are usually about 15 panels, with 3-5 speakers each.     Panel topics include all of SIPAs functional concentrations, in addition to career paths such as consulting, microfinance, and corporate social responsibility.   The Conference also includes the Alumni Networking Reception on Thursday evening, where students and alums are able to socialize in a less formal environment. For the past two years, the Networking Reception has been at the Four Seasons Hotel, in Georgetown.   On Friday, students have the chance to schedule informational interviews with alums and participate in employer site visits.   This year employer site visits included the World Bank, the U.S. Department of State, and Treasury, USAID, and American Development Bank. Overall, was the Conference well attended?   Did participants and employers seem pleased with their experience?   Any comments you received from them are welcome. Each year the Career Conference is well attended by about 160 students and 150 alums.   This is one of the most popular programs that the Office of Career Services offers.

Stanhope as a Leader - Literature Essay Samples

Arguably, Stanhope often proves himself an effective leader throughout Journey’s End through his prioritizing of others’ needs above his own. Gerald Brooks said that â€Å"when you become a leader you give up the right to think about yourself†, which is definitely the case for Stanhope’s character, as he sacrifices sleep to stay up doing paperwork and to keep the men on the front line company as they suffer through the night shift, creating a strong sense of unity and camaraderie throughout the battalion, giving them the motivation to keep fighting in the war. It is mentioned in Act 1 that Stanhope was the captain of the rugby team whilst at school, implying his natural instinct to lead others, and the fact that he is so young yet made commander of C Company suggest he has proven himself an effective leader to secure this important role in the army. However, he is often hostile and resentful towards other characters, predominantly Raleigh, stemming from hi s experience of loss during the war and his fear of losing someone he cares for so deeply, presenting his introverted love for the men most important to him, Raleigh and Osborne. There are moments throughout the play wherein the audience question Stanhope’s mental stability, yet Sherriff leaves the audience with the overall impression of Stanhope’s commitment to his job and deep care for the men he commands. At times Stanhope’s leadership is questionable, as he takes on a menacing, authoritative facade whilst trying to convince Hibbert not to desert during Act 2 Scene 2, threatening to shoot him rather than let him be sent home for a false case of neuralgia. Contextually, the horrors of war became for too much for many men to cope with, leading to their insanity or desertion, the latter resulting in death by firing squad if they were caught and bringing shame upon their family. This is something that Stanhope threatens to spare Hibbert from, telling him â€Å"better to die from pain than deserting†, emphasizing the backlash that he would be faced with if he chose to leave his company, and reminding him that death would be preferable to such shame. Stanhope goes on to call him â€Å"swine†, connoting a deep contempt and disdain for his behavior, and implying that he looks down on men like Hibbert who are â€Å"deserters†. This conjoined with the fact that Stanh ope coerces Hibbert into hitting him portray a manipulative and tyrannical leader abusing his power, leading to the audience’s strong dislike for his character in that moment. However, the audience don’t necessarily condemn Stanhope for his volatile outburst and loathing of Hibbert, as he symbolizes everything Stanhope detests weakness and cowardice. The stem of his denigration is from the fact that he’s seen so many comrades die, and he finds it disgraceful and belittling of their sacrifice for his men to not have the same vigor and commitment to ending the war. In Act 1 he tells everyone in the dugout they’re all â€Å"going to take an equal chance together†, planning to regimentedly lead by example, arguably the most effective form of leadership and creating a sense of unity between soldiers, keeping up morale and priding himself on on the bravery and commitment of his company. However, Sherriff changes Stanhope’s body language and speech profusely along with the tone of the scene by alleviating much of the tension in the space of a few lines as Hibbert waits to be shot, as he is â€Å"[smiling]† and â€Å"[gently placing his hand on Hibbert’s shoulder]†, portraying a far stronger leader to put aside his frustration and console his officer. Sherriff’s choice of language at this point, including â€Å"gently† expose some of Stanhope’s more vulnerable attributes to Hibbert, which include his sense of compassion and his willingness to comfort those who need it. Perhaps encouragement was his aim when he scared Hibbert a guess at what could be an effective way of leading as he doesn’t know Hibbert well, and from that confrontation he learned that the best way of connecting with him was to make a personal connection and to show him sympathy for his emotional trauma. Stanhope also calls Hibbert â€Å"good man†, a huge contrast to his previous ferocity and disdain for the officer, implying Stanhope’s mental instability or perhaps his deep care for Hibbert in that he’d go as far as to become dictatorial simply to persuade him to do the right thing and behave as an honorable soldier. The audience watch as Stanhope shows Hibbert sympathy and respect, and validates his fears, saying â€Å"I know what you feel Hibbert I’ve known all along†, a huge breakthrough for Stanhope’s apathetic and emotionally inept character to reveal his true fears, especially to Hibbert who he has never had a strong bond with and continues to despise throughout the rest of the play. The audience could perceive these actions as tactful to persuade Hibbert to stay, or perhaps a show of strong leadership as he puts aside his distaste for Hibbert to do his duty and keep him motivated to fight the war. Stanhope resorts to reminding Hibbert of the morbidity of war and the solace that lies in death, telling him â€Å"if you’re killed you you won’t have to stand this hell anymore†, using this macabre thought as motivation to get him to stay. This could be Sherriff’s intention to portray how some soldiers rarely truly believed in a future outside of the war after watching so many of their men die, and the despair they must’ve felt being trapped in trenches for such long periods of time. Stanhope’s actions of finding a way to connect with Hibbert to provide him with consolation, disregarding his own personal boundaries show how he is an effective leader and will do whatever it takes to boost the morale of his men, and he takes the time to get to know them to know what will bring them comfort in such a harsh environment. Stanhope also reminds Hibbert to â€Å"think of all the chaps who’ve gone already [] sometimes I think it’s lon elier here.† The symbolism of heaven as an escape from the suffering these soldiers are experiencing may be intended to sadden the audience as they begin to understand the true psychological effects war had on soldiers, and admire the sacrifices they made for their country whilst under so much distress and pressure to maintain a strong and masculine appearance. It is clear that soldiers like Stanhope saw little hope for the future besides death, showing how desperate they were to go home to their loved ones and be alleviated of the horrors they’d endured, and how they would sooner die than live through the merciless onslaught of the enemy. This also highlights the solitariness of war and the importance of camaraderie to cope, which was Sherriff’s main intention to show his audience through his play, and the strength Stanhope’s character must hold to uphold an authoritative reputation with the men, when really he is shown to be just as stressed and frighten ed as they all were. Stanhope also shows respect for the other officers and reminds Hibbert to consider them in his personal decisions, asking him rhetorically â€Å"don’t you think it’s worth standing in with men like that?†, showing how, as a strong leader, he values his comrades and the work they do and believes that they should hold the same admiration for each other. Stanhope’s calming of Hibbert and persuading him to do the honorable thing is very similar to how Osborne relaxes Stanhope, suggesting that Stanhope too has the potential to become an avuncular figure to Hibbert, portraying influence and trust, both of which would strengthen Stanhope as a leader. However, perhaps Osborne is the true leader of the officers in the dugout, even if he doesn’t have the title, as it is he who emotionally supports Stanhope, and without him, Stanhope couldn’t lead the company as he’d be too emotionally unstable and would have no one to turn to when he needed to p ut down his facade and be himself, Dennis, not the powerful Captain Stanhope role he takes on for days on end. We see the close bond between Osborne and Stanhope in Act 1, when drunk Stanhope shares his vulnerabilities and concerns about Raleigh joining the company, and Osborne validates his worries, but also distracts him and convinces him to get to bed. When Stanhope laughs â€Å"tuck me up, Uncle†, Sherriff is really portraying the importance of friendship in war, and how nobody, not even Stanhope, can be a good leader without a confidant for his true emotions, vulnerabilities and the reality of his experiences. This greatly contrasts how Stanhope reacts to Hibbert telling him to â€Å"get to bed† in Act 3, as he becomes furious at the mention of anyone else trying to take care of him besides Osborne, who at this point had just that day died, connoting the importance of the relationship between the two for Stanhope’s sanity and the success of the raid, both o f which are arguably lost by the denouement of the play. Although Stanhope has irregular tendencies for emotional (often cruel) outbursts when he’s been drinking whisky, this ineffective coping mechanism is backed with good intentions as he aims to stop himself from emotionally crumbling under the pressures of war, demonstrated by Sherriff when Stanhope tells Osborne â€Å"without being doped up on whisky I’d go mad with fright!† Stanhope’s desperate attempt to numb himself from the pain of losing his comrades and the emotional pressure he faces by being in charge of so many lives shows his affectionate intentions, and his devotion to being a good leader and role model is what makes him so. Contextually, whisky was used as a coping mechanism for soldiers â€Å"to forget† the horrors that they witnessed, such as Stanhope does after Osborne’s death. As well as being readily available, whisky numbed physical and emotional pain for short periods of time, giving the soldiers ‘Dutch courageâ€℠¢ before they went into battle to reduce their nervousness a little, and proving useful to allow soldiers who had survived those battles sleep, which they were often unable to do due to PTSD unless they were blackout drunk. In the exposition, Hardy’s disdain for Stanhope â€Å"drinking like a fish† demonstrates how every soldier had a different coping mechanism, and perhaps were not always too sympathetic to one another. Hardy highlights Stanhope’s obvious dependence on alcohol, just as fish cannot function without water, and sees it as part of his personality, rather than an escape from the war around him. Although Stanhope’s alcoholism makes him irritable and unpredictable at times, it also makes him able to be a strong and altruistic leader, as without it, we imagine he, like Hibbert, could be described as a â€Å"pathetic little worm†, his weaknesses showcased by his lack of distraction from the war. In conclusion, Stanhope shows many qualities of an excellent leader, and as Raleigh wrote in his letter home, â€Å"the men simply love him†, showing his powerful act truly does motivate the men and gain their respect, and his emotional breakdowns only ever appear in the comfort of the dugout, which the audience cannot judge Stanhope for because of the horrors he’s faced at war. He is a flawed, vulnerable, hostile, yet compassionate character; a complex consequence of the effects of war. Overall, he presents himself as a strong and capable leader, but will show his humanity and emotions when away from the men and in private.